Knee replacement, or knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure that replaces damaged joint and cartilage tissues with prosthetic components. This procedure is primarily performed to relieve chronic knee pain and improve joint function, enabling individuals to lead a more active and comfortable life.
Why is Knee Replacement Surgery Done?
Knee replacement is recommended for individuals experiencing debilitating knee pain due to conditions such as:
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Rheumatoid arthritis
3. Severe knee injuries
When pain and restricted movement significantly impact daily activities like walking or climbing stairs, knee replacement can provide lasting relief and improved mobility.
Types of Knee Replacement
There are two primary types of knee replacement procedures, tailored to individual needs:
1. Total Knee Replacement: Involves replacing the entire knee joint with artificial components, including the femur, tibia, and sometimes the patella.
2. Partial Knee Replacement: Focuses on replacing only the damaged portion of the knee joint, suitable for localized damage.
How is Knee Replacement Surgery Done?
The surgery involves several precise steps to restore knee function:
- The surgeon makes an incision to access the knee joint.
- Damaged bones and cartilage are carefully removed.
- The ends of the femur and tibia are shaped to accommodate prosthetic components.
- Artificial components made of metal and durable plastic are securely attached.
- The incision is closed, completing the creation of a smooth, functional knee joint.
Advantages of Knee Replacement
The benefits of knee replacement surgery include:
1. Significant reduction in chronic knee pain.
2. Improved joint mobility and function, enabling everyday activities.
3. Enhanced quality of life, allowing engagement in hobbies and physical activities.
With proper rehabilitation, most patients experience long-lasting relief and mobility improvements.
Preparing for Knee Replacement Surgery
Preparation is crucial for a successful outcome. Patients are advised to:
1. Complete pre-operative evaluations, such as blood tests and imaging.
2. Perform recommended exercises to strengthen the knee.
3. Arrange for post-surgery assistance, such as a walker or support from family.
4. Follow fasting and medication guidelines provided by the doctor.
Recovering from Knee Replacement
Recovery involves several stages aimed at regaining strength and mobility:
- Initial recovery in the hospital, including pain management and gentle exercises.
- A structured physical therapy program to restore strength and flexibility.
- Gradual return to activities, progressing from assisted to independent movement.
Full recovery typically takes several weeks to months, depending on individual progress.