What is Polysomnography (Sleep Test)?

Polysomnography, commonly referred to as a sleep test, is a diagnostic procedure used to evaluate sleep disorders. It is widely utilized to detect conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, parasomnia, restless leg syndrome (RLS), sleep paralysis, sleep movement disorders, and sleep terrors. The test measures physiological changes during sleep, helping healthcare professionals assess underlying sleep-related health problems.

Many individuals experiencing loud snoring, interrupted breathing during sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness, and difficulty staying asleep may require a sleep test. Sleep disorders can have serious health consequences if left untreated, leading to cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, cognitive impairments, and a reduced quality of life.

Why is Polysomnography Important?

Sleep disorders are often overlooked but can have severe health implications. Untreated sleep apnea and other sleep disorders may increase the risk of:

  • Heart diseases (arrhythmia, heart attack, high blood pressure, and stroke)
  • Sudden death in sleep
  • Impaired cognitive functions such as memory loss and difficulty concentrating
  • Chronic fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness, which can lead to workplace accidents and car crashes
  • Mood disorders such as anxiety and depression
  • Decreased productivity and interpersonal issues
  • Obesity and metabolic disorders such as diabetes

Detecting sleep disorders early through polysomnography allows for timely treatment, improving the patient’s overall health and daily functionality.

Who Needs a Sleep Test?

A sleep test is recommended for individuals who experience the following symptoms:

  • Waking up tired despite a full night’s sleep
  • Excessive daytime sleepiness and lack of energy
  • Waking up frequently at night due to breathing difficulties
  • Loud snoring and gasping for air during sleep
  • Morning headaches
  • Night sweats and frequent urination at night
  • Talking, shouting, or unusual movements during sleep
  • Frequent nightmares or sleep paralysis episodes
  • Sudden sleep attacks during the day
  • Inability to concentrate and memory issues

If you experience any of these symptoms, consulting a sleep specialist at Erdem Hospital is highly recommended.

How is the Sleep Test Performed?

Polysomnography is an overnight study that takes place in a specialized sleep laboratory. The process involves monitoring various physiological parameters during sleep, including:

  • Brain activity (EEG – Electroencephalography)
  • Eye movements (EOG – Electrooculography)
  • Muscle activity (EMG – Electromyography)
  • Heart rate and rhythm (ECG – Electrocardiography)
  • Breathing patterns and respiratory effort
  • Oxygen levels in the blood (Pulse oximetry)
  • Body movements and snoring sounds

Step-by-Step Sleep Test Process

  1. Preparation: Patients arrive at the sleep laboratory in the evening. A technician explains the procedure and prepares the patient for the test.
  2. Electrode Placement: Small sensors (electrodes) are attached to the head, face, chest, and limbs to monitor physiological signals.
  3. Observation & Monitoring: The patient is encouraged to sleep naturally. A sleep specialist monitors the data in real-time.
  4. Data Collection: The recorded data is analyzed to identify abnormal sleep patterns, breathing irregularities, or other issues.
  5. Results & Diagnosis: A sleep specialist interprets the data and provides a diagnosis, which helps in developing a personalized treatment plan.

The procedure is completely painless and non-invasive. Patients can move and change positions freely during sleep.

How Long Does a Sleep Test Take?

The polysomnography test is conducted overnight, typically for 6 to 8 hours. Patients are expected to follow their usual sleep schedule while being monitored. In some cases, additional daytime sleep studies (Multiple Sleep Latency Test – MSLT) may be required for conditions like narcolepsy.

Do I Need to Prepare Before the Test?

Yes, certain precautions should be taken before undergoing a sleep test:

  • Inform your doctor about any medications you are taking, as some may interfere with sleep.
  • Avoid caffeine (tea, coffee, energy drinks) and alcohol on the test day, as they can affect sleep patterns.
  • Take a shower before the test to ensure proper electrode placement.
  • Avoid naps during the day to ensure natural sleep at night.
  • Bring comfortable pajamas and personal hygiene items for your convenience.

Is Anesthesia Used in a Sleep Test?

No. Polysomnography does not require anesthesia or sedatives. The goal is to observe natural sleep patterns without external influences.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What Happens If I Can’t Fall Asleep During the Test?

Many patients worry about this, but most eventually fall asleep. The sleep lab is designed to create a comfortable environment, and even a few hours of sleep can provide valuable diagnostic information.

Can I Go Home Right After the Test?

Yes, the test is completed in the morning, and you can return to your daily activities. If additional tests are required, your doctor will inform you.

Is the Sleep Test Covered by Insurance?

Most insurance providers cover sleep studies if medically necessary. You can check with Erdem Hospital’s call center (0850 222 04 94) for more details about insurance coverage and pricing.

What if My Test Results Show a Sleep Disorder?

If a sleep disorder is detected, your doctor will recommend a personalized treatment plan. This may include lifestyle changes, CPAP therapy (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure), medication, or other specialized treatments.

Can Children Undergo a Sleep Test?

Yes. Children with suspected sleep disorders such as sleep apnea, night terrors, or restless leg syndrome may also undergo polysomnography.

Can I Bring a Family Member to the Sleep Lab?

Yes, in most cases, patients are allowed to bring a companion for comfort. For pediatric sleep studies, a parent must stay with the child.

Conclusion

Polysomnography is a crucial test for diagnosing and treating sleep disorders. Since sleep health is directly linked to overall well-being, identifying sleep issues early through a professional sleep test at Erdem Hospital can significantly improve quality of life. If you suspect a sleep disorder, don’t hesitate to seek medical assistance.

For more information or to schedule an appointment, contact Erdem Hospital’s Sleep Laboratory at 0850 222 04 94.