What is Biochemistry?

Biochemistry is the scientific discipline that studies the chemical processes and substances occurring within living organisms. It plays a crucial role in understanding human health and disease by examining the molecular mechanisms of biological functions. One of the most significant applications of biochemistry is found in hospital biochemistry laboratories, where tests are conducted on patient samples to aid in diagnosis and treatment planning.

The Importance of Biochemistry Laboratories in Hospitals

Biochemistry laboratories in hospitals are vital in diagnosing diseases, monitoring health conditions, and guiding medical treatment. These laboratories analyze various substances found in human bodily fluids to detect abnormalities. The results obtained from these tests help physicians determine the presence of diseases and develop appropriate treatment plans. The precision and accuracy of biochemistry laboratory tests are critical in ensuring effective patient care.

How Do Biochemistry Laboratories Work?

Biochemistry laboratories utilize advanced equipment to analyze blood, urine, and other bodily fluids. The process involves:

  • Collecting patient samples (blood or urine)
  • Preparing the samples using specialized tubes containing specific gels for separation
  • Analyzing the samples using automated machines
  • Verifying results through internal and external quality control measures

Modern hospital biochemistry laboratories, such as those at Erdem Hospital, are equipped with state-of-the-art devices that ensure highly reliable and rapid results. This efficiency allows for quicker diagnosis and timely treatment.

What Are Biochemistry Laboratory Tests?

Biochemistry tests assess various chemical substances in the human body, which may indicate normal physiological functions or the presence of diseases. More than 120 different biochemical tests are performed, but they are generally categorized into the following groups:

1. Hormone Tests

  • Thyroid function tests (TSH, T3, T4)
  • Cortisol levels
  • Insulin and glucose metabolism tests
  • Sex hormones (estrogen, testosterone, progesterone)

2. Metabolism Tests

  • Liver function tests (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin)
  • Kidney function tests (creatinine, urea, uric acid)
  • Lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL)
  • Blood sugar tests (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c)

3. RIA (Radioimmunoassay) Tests

  • Tumor markers
  • Vitamin levels (Vitamin D, B12, folate)
  • Allergy tests

4. Complete Blood Count (CBC)

  • Red blood cell count (RBC)
  • White blood cell count (WBC)
  • Platelet count
  • Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels

5. Urinalysis

  • Protein levels
  • Glucose levels
  • pH levels
  • Presence of blood or bacteria

Each of these tests provides crucial information about a patient’s health status, allowing doctors to diagnose conditions such as diabetes, liver disorders, kidney disease, infections, and hormonal imbalances.

How Are Biochemistry Tests Performed?

The process of conducting biochemistry tests is straightforward and minimally invasive. It generally involves the following steps:

  1. Sample Collection: Blood or urine samples are collected from the patient.
  2. Preparation of Samples: Specific tubes containing different types of gels are used to separate blood or urine components.
  3. Laboratory Analysis: Advanced automated analyzers process the samples and detect biochemical markers.
  4. Quality Control: Internal and external checks ensure result accuracy.
  5. Result Interpretation: Physicians interpret the test results to diagnose conditions and plan treatments.

Factors Affecting Biochemistry Test Results

Certain conditions can influence test results, such as:

  • Fasting status (e.g., blood glucose tests require fasting)
  • Medications that may alter biochemical markers
  • Time of sample collection (some hormone levels fluctuate throughout the day)
  • Patient’s hydration level

Physicians at Erdem Hospital provide detailed instructions to patients before conducting tests to ensure accurate and reliable results.

Most Frequently Asked Questions About Biochemistry Tests

How long do biochemistry test results take?

The time required for test results varies. Basic tests like blood glucose or CBC can be available within minutes, while more complex analyses such as hormone or metabolic panels may take a few hours or days.

Do I need to fast before a biochemistry test?

It depends on the test. Fasting is required for certain tests like blood sugar, lipid profile, and some hormone tests, while others do not require fasting.

Can medications affect biochemistry test results?

Yes, certain medications can alter test results. It is important to inform your physician about any medications you are taking before testing.

How often should I get biochemistry tests done?

The frequency of testing depends on your health status and risk factors. Routine tests are recommended annually for general health check-ups, but specific conditions may require more frequent monitoring.

How reliable are the biochemistry test results?

Biochemistry test results are highly reliable, especially when conducted in laboratories with stringent quality control measures. At Erdem Hospital, state-of-the-art equipment ensures accurate and fast diagnostics.

Can biochemistry tests detect cancer?

Some biochemistry tests can detect tumor markers that may indicate cancer. However, these tests are not definitive diagnostic tools but can be used for monitoring and screening.

Conclusion

Biochemistry laboratories play an essential role in modern medicine by enabling early disease detection, monitoring health conditions, and guiding treatments. At Erdem Hospital, cutting-edge technology and experienced medical staff ensure the highest level of accuracy and reliability in test results. If you require biochemistry testing, you can contact our call center at 0850 222 0 494 to schedule an appointment and receive further information.